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Transit

repo: MobilityData/awesome-transit
category: Miscellaneous related: Openstreetmap

awesome-transit

Community list of data standards, APIs, apps, tools, datasets, and research around open source technology of public transit.

Open technology provides an opportunity for various stakeholders to collaborate efforts to improve public transit.

Elements of open technology include:

  • Open standards
  • Open data
  • Open source software (both as consumer-facing apps like OpenTripPlanner and developer tools like the GTFS Validator)

This list is focused around the open technology ecosystem for public transportation. Included technologies may be open source themselves and/or rely on open standards and/or open data.

Have something to add or change? Open a pull request or issue at MobilityData/awesome-transit.

Table of Contents

Producing Data

GTFS

  • GTFS.org official documentation site for the General Transit Feed Specification.

GTFS Courses

GTFS Consumer App Guidance

GTFS Libraries

Software that makes it easy to consume GTFS data in a variety of languages.

C
  • CGTFS - C library for reading static GTFS feeds. Supports reading unpacked feeds into application memory or into SQLite databases.
  • RRRR Rapid Real-time Routing - RRRR (usually pronounced R4) is a C-language implementation of the RAPTOR public transit routing algorithm.
C++
  • just_gtfs - C++17 header-only library for reading and writing GTFS (used in Valhalla). Main features: fast reading and writing of GTFS feeds, support for extended GTFS route types, simple working with GTFS Date and Time formats.
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
  • gtfs-sequelize - Node.js library modeling the static GTFS using sequelize.js.
  • gtfs-utils – Utilities to process GTFS data sets (e.g., "flattening" calendar.txt & calendar_dates.txt, computing arrival/departure times of trips).
  • gtfs-via-postgres – Yet another tool to process GTFS using PostgreSQL.
  • Node-GTFS - Loads transit data from GTFS files, unzips it and stores it to a SQLite database. Provides some methods to query for agencies, routes, stops and times.
PostgreSQL
Python
  • ESRI public-transit-tools - Tools for working with public transit data in ArcGIS (license for ArcGIS required).
  • gtfsdb - Python library for converting GTFS files into a relational database.
  • gtfs_functions - Python package with useful functions to create geo-spatial visualizations from GTFS feeds.
  • gtfs-segments - Python package that represents GTFS data for buses in a concise tabular manner using segments.
  • gtfslib-python - An open source library in python for reading GTFS files and computing various stats and indicators about Public Transport networks.
  • gtfsman - Repository-like tool in Python to manage and update a huge number of GTFS feeds.
  • gtfspy - Public transport network analysis and travel time computations using Python3. Compatible with Postgres/PostGIS, Oracle, MySQL, and SQLite. Used by gtfspy-webviz.
  • GTFS Kit - A Python 3.8+ tool kit for analyzing General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data. Supersedes GTFSTK.
  • Make GTFS - A Python library to make GTFS feeds from basic route information.
  • Mapzen GTFS - A Python GTFS library that supports reading individual GTFS tables, or constructing a graph to represent each agency in a feed.
  • multigtfs - A Django application to import and export GTFS.
  • partridge - A fast, forgiving Python GTFS reader built on pandas DataFrames.
  • transit_service_analyst - A Python library to support transit service analysis.
  • TransitGPT - TransitGPT is a Generative AI-powered chatbot that enables transit enthusiasts to access and analyze General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data through natural language instructions.
R
  • r-transit - Collection of tools for GTFS in R.
  • gtfsio - Fast and flexible functions to read and write GTFS in R.
  • mobdb - R functions to search, discover, and access transit feed data from the Mobility Database.
  • tidytransit - Use tidytransit to map transit stops and routes, calculate travel times and transit frequencies, and validate transit feeds. tidytransit reads the General Transit Feed Specification into tidyverse and simple features data frames.
Ruby
Rust
  • gtfs-structure - This crates provides GTFS structures and helpers to read GTFS archives.

GTFS Converters

Converters from various static schedule formats to and from GTFS.

GTFS Data Collection and Maintenance Tools

  • AddTransit - SaaS (Software as a Service) platform to create, edit and publish schedules in GTFS format.
  • bus-router - Python script that generates missing shapes.txt for GTFS using routing from Google Maps Directions API or OSRM.
  • gtfs-blocks-to-transfers - A Python tool to convert GTFS blocks, defined by setting trip.block_id into a series of trip-to-trip transfers (proposal).
  • GTFS Diff - GTFS Diff is a specification created by transport.data.gouv.fr and aims at providing a simple and unified way to express differences between GTFS files.
  • GTFS Editor - A (self-hosted) web-based GTFS editing framework. (Note: this project has been deprecated in favor of IBI Data Tools.)
  • GTFS Editor for Vagrant - Quickly set up the GTFS editor (above) using Vagrant
  • static-GTFS-manager - A (self-hosted) browser-based user interface for creating, editing, exporting static GTFS (see related post).
  • TransitWand - An open source web and mobile application for collecting transit data. Use it to create GTFS feeds, capture passenger counts or generate GIS datasets.
  • IBI Data Tools - A web application that handles GTFS editing, validating, quality checking, and deploying to OpenTripPlanner. (Combines and builds upon the functionality of the deprecated
  • Data-Tools Server - Server for IBI's GTFS data management platform.
  • Gtfs Data Manager and GTFS Editor.)
  • IBI Data Tools Infra - A tool to quickly setup and run a local instance of the above IBI Data Tools project.
  • GTFS.html - An entirely browser-based tool to view GTFS feeds. Use it to view routes, stops, timetables, etc.
  • pfaedle - Precise map-matching for GTFS using OpenStreetMap data
  • GTFS shape mapfit - Python tool that fits GTFS shape files and stops to a given OSM map file. Uses pymapmatch for the matching.
  • GTFS Builder - A free web-based application to help you create GTFS files. Maintained by the National Rural Transit Assistance Program (RTAP).
  • gtfs-station-builder - UI tool to help build the internal structure of stations (including pathways.txt)
  • GTFS Text-to-Speech Tester - A command-line tool that reads GTFS stop names out loud using Text-to-Speech to determine which need Text-to-Speech values for tts_stop_name in stops.txt.
  • Spare GTFS-Flex Builder - A free tool that helps transit agencies easily create, manage, and export their transportation data in GTFS-Flex format.
  • Swiftly - Tool generate realtime transit data.
  • Chouette SaaS - Tool to generate GTFS Schedule data
  • Ara SaaS - Tool to generate GTFS Realtime data.
  • Amarillo - Aggregates and enhances carpooling-offers and publishes them as GTFS(-RT)
  • GTFS Studio - Online editor for GTFS feeds
  • Uttu - Back-end for Nplan, a simple timetable editor.

GTFS Merge Tools

GTFS Analysis Tools

  • GTFS Kit - A Python 3.6+ tool kit for analyzing General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data. Supersedes GTFSTK.
  • gtfstools - A set of convenient tools for editing and analysing transit feeds in GTFS format in R.
  • transit_service_analyst - A Python library to support transit service analysis.
  • Peartree - A Python library for converting transit data into a directed graph for network analysis.
  • R5: Rapid Realistic Routing on Real-world and Reimagined networks - A Java-based routing engine developed by Conveyal for multimodal (transit/bike/walk/car) networks. It currently plans many trips over a time window for scenario planning and analytics purposes. A related R wrapper package (r5r) is developed independently by IPEA. See also the performance comparison from Higgins et al. (2022), linked below.
  • tidytransit - An R package to read GTFS data into tibbles and simple features dataframes to map transit stops and routes, calculate travel times and transit frequencies, and validate transit feeds.
  • transitr - An R package for constructing and modelling a transit network in real time to obtain vehicle ETAs
  • transit-intensity - A simple project for measuring transit intensity written in Go.
  • Busbuzzard - Inference of probabilistic schedules from empirical data about transit vehicles.
  • ESRI ArcGIS Public Transit Tools (GTFS) - Tools for working with public transit data in ArcGIS
  • GTFS-to-Chart - Creates stringline charts showing all vehicles on a transit route from GTFS data.
  • GTFS Display - Analyse, monitor and maintain GTFS data (Example instances).
  • PTNA - Public Transit Nework Analysis is a open source system for finding and aggregating information about public transportation lines mapped in OSM.
  • GTFS Explorer - Web application to upload, validate and visually explore GTFS feeds, featuring an interactive network map, route and stop inspection, schedule grids, and a network statistics dashboard.

GTFS Timetable Publishing Tools

  • GTFS-to-HTML - Generate human-readable timetables in HTML or PDF format directly from GTFS.
  • Timetable Kit - An open source Python 3.10 module and scripts depending on GTFS Kit, designed to create complex printed/PDF timetables with flexible layouts. Currently only working out of the box for Amtrak's GTFS, but under active development.
  • TimeTablePublisher (TTPUB) - A web publishing system developed by TriMet that allows a transit agency to examine, modify, and transform raw scheduling data into easy-to-read timetables for customer information purposes

GTFS Validators

GTFS Realtime

GTFS Realtime Libraries & Demo Apps

GTFS Realtime Validators

GTFS Realtime (and Other Real-time API) Archival Tools

  • gtfsrdb - A Python tool that supports reading and archiving GTFS-realtime feeds into a database
  • retro-gtfs - A Python application that collects real-time data from the Nextbus API and archives it into the GTFS format (i.e., retrospective GTFS).
  • Transi - A Cloud-native GTFS-RT/GTFS archiving system.
  • GTFS-Realtime-Capsule - A command-line tool that scrapes, normalizes, and archives real-time public transit data.
  • gtfsdb_realtime - Real-time GTFS database loader and ORM library

GTFS Realtime Convertors

GTFS Realtime Utilities

SIRI

Other multimodal data formats

Widely adopted

  • APDS - Alliance for Parking Data Standards: formed by the International Parking Institute (IPI), the British Parking Association (BPA), and the European Parking Association (EPA). APDS is a not-for-profit organization with the mission to develop, promote, manage, and maintain a uniform global standard that will allow organizations to share parking data across platforms worldwide.
  • DATEX - EU data standard for road traffic and travel information.
  • GBFS - General Bikeshare Feed Specification: open data standard for real-time information about bikeshare, scootershare, mopedshare, and carshare.
    • gbfs R package - Functions to interface with GBFS feeds in R, allowing users to save and accumulate tidy .rds datasets for specified cities/bikeshare programs.
  • MDS - Mobility Data Specification: A format to implement realtime data sharing, measurement and regulation for municipalities and mobility as a service providers. It is meant to ensure that governments have the ability to enforce, evaluate and manage providers. Maintained by the Open Mobility Foundation.
  • NeTex - A general purpose XML format designed for the exchange of complex static transport data among distributed systems managed by the [CEN standards process](https://www.cencenelec.eu/european-standardization/european-standards/).
  • TODS - Transit Operational Data Standard: standard format for representing transit schedules used by drivers, dispatchers, and planners to carry out transit operations.
  • TOMP - Transport Operator Mobility-as-a-service Provider API: API standard for use by transport operators and mobility-as-a-service providers for operator discovery, trip planning, end user interaction, booking, and payment.

Pilot or development stage

  • CurbLR - A specification for curb regulations.
  • Dyno-Demand - A GTFS-based travel demand data format focusing on individual passenger demand suitable for dynamic network modeling developed by San Francisco County Transportation Authority, LMZ LLC, and UrbanLabs LLC.
  • Dyno-Path - (Under development - see this post) Data for individual passenger trajectories.
  • GTFS-plus - A GTFS-based transit network format for vehicle and capacity data suitable for dynamic transit modeling developed by Puget Sound Regional Council, UrbanLabs LLC, LMZ LLC, and San Francisco County Transportation Authority.
  • GTFS-ride - An open, fixed-route transit ridership data standard developed through a partnership between the Oregon Department of Transportation and Oregon State University.
  • GTFS-stat - An extension to a GTFS transit network with additional files that contain performance data developed by UrbanLabs LLC and San Francisco County Transportation Authority.
  • GMNS - General Modeling Network Specification: A format for sharing routable road network files designed to be used in multi-modal static and dynamic transportation planning and operations models. Volpe/FHWA partnership with Zephyr Foundation.
  • GTNS - General Travel Network Specification: A planned data specification for sharing travel demand model networks.
  • IXSI - interface for exchanging information between a travel information system and a sharing system (carshare, bikeshare).
  • MTLFS - Managed and Tolled Lanes Feed Specification: Proposal for a schema that comprise the Managed and Tolled Lanes Tolling Feed Specification (MTLFS) and defines the fields used in all of those files developed by Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority.
  • MaaS API - A set of open documents and test suite that defines a MaaS-compatible API.
  • [NCHRP 08-119 Developing Data Standards and Guidance for Transportation Planning and Traffic Operations - Phase 1 (Anticipated)](http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=4543) - The objective of this research is to develop standards and/or guidance to be used and adopted by the transportation community in collecting, managing, and sharing static and real-time data for transportation planning and operations.
  • OMX: The Open Matrix data file format - A structured collection of two-dimensional array objects and associated metadata, for possible use in the transportation modeling industry.
  • OJP - Open Journey Planner.
  • OSDM - Open Sales and Distribution Model: Aims to substantially simplify the booking process for customers of rail trips and to lower complexity and distribution costs for distributors and railway carriers. Contains a specification of an offline model and on-line API. Maintained by the International Union of Railways (UIC).
  • SAE Shared and Digital Mobility Committee - Appears to be working on a data standard for car share and transportation network companies (TNCs) / rideshare.
  • shared-row - A specification for right-of-way (ROW) for a SharedStreets Reference.
  • TCRP G-16 Development of Transactional Data Specifications for Demand-Responsive Transportation (In progress) - The objective of this research is to develop technical specifications for transactional data for entities involved in the provision of demand-responsive transportation. Expected completion date is late 2018.
  • TIDES - Transit ITS Data Exchange Specification (TIDES) is a proposed effort to create standard data structures, APIs, and data management tools for historical transit ITS data including AVL, APC and AFC Data.
  • OpenStop - OpenStop is a free app to add information about barriers and other accessibility properties of public transport stops to OpenStreetMap.
  • JOSM Plugins - PT Assistant - The plugin validates public transport routes against a set of criteria and, where possible, suggests ways to fix them.
  • JOSM Validator Rules - The JOSM validator (Tag checker) can be customized with different rules based on MapCSS.
  • OSM Relatify - OSM Relatify is a tool that simplifies the process of maintaining public transport relations.
  • OpenStreetMap Route Editor - A tool for efficiently editing Route Relations in OpenStreetMap - OSM
  • Prism - Prism is a tool to extract public transport data from OpenStreetMap.
  • Open Street Map Public Transport Parser - Open Street Map Public Transport Parser
  • Sketch Line - A tool to create transport diagram out of OSM data.

Software for Creating APIs

Software that you can set up to provide an API to transit and multimodal data.

  • GraphHopper Routing Engine Open source routing engine for OpenStreetMap. Use it as Java library or server.
  • gtfs-server - A web server, written in Rust that uses PostGIS as a backend to serve GTFS data via a HTTP endpoint
  • [hafas-rest-api](https://github.com/public-transport/hafas-rest-api) – Expose a HAFAS endpoint as a REST API.
  • Linked Connections - An open-source, scalable intermodal route planning engine, which allows clients to execute the route planning algorithm (as opposed to the server). Uses GTFS data.
  • Mobroute - Mobroute is a general purpose FOSS public transportation router (e.g. trip planner) Go library and CLI that works by directly ingesting timetable (GTFS) data from transit agencies themselves (sourced from the Mobility Database). It can be used to quickly run & test routing requests based on GTFS data on your device (via its CLI) or it can be embedded as a library to add GTFS routing to existing navigation apps.
  • MOTIS - Multi Objective Travel Information System, written in C++ and Java. Can consume schedule timetables in the GTFS or HAFAS format as well as real time information in the GTFS-RT (and RISML, a propriatary format at Deutsche Bahn) as input data. For pedestrian routing (handled by Per Pedes Routing) and car routing (handled by OSRM) OpenStreetMap data is used.
  • Navitia is the opensource engine behind the Navitia.io live API.
  • OneBusAway - A Java app that consumes GTFS and GTFS-Realtime (along with other formats) and turns them into an easy to use REST API.
  • OpenTripPlanner - An open source platform for multi-modal and multi-agency journey planning, as well as returning information about a multi-modal graph (using data sources such as GTFS and OpenStreetMap).
  • pyBikes - Software powering CityBikes for worldwide bikeshare system info
  • Simple Transit Api - A simple way to get started with a GTFS api in Golang.
  • TransitClock - Java application that can consume raw vehicle positions and generate prediction times in formats such as GTFS-realtime. Formerly known as "Transitime".
  • Transitous - Community-run free and open public transport routing service.
  • Iran Railway-Trains - Iran Railway-Trains (Raja-Fadak-Safir) all in one package for DotNet (Api-WebService)

Sharing Data

Places to access collections of GTFS and other transit and multimodal data.

3rd party GTFS URL directories

Transit agency data archives

  • CapMetrics - Historical vehicle locations for Austin's transit agency (CapMetro). Data is collected by capmetricsd, a Go daemon.
  • Bus Observatory API - Public archive of real-time data on vehicle movements and status, collected from transit systems around the world.

National government datasets

Proprietary (non-standard) vendor APIs

  • Transport API - REST API for aggregated transit data for the United Kingdom. Fee-based access.
  • NextBus API - REST API for real-time vehicle, route, stop, and arrival data for agencies that have puchased NextBus's hardware and/or software.
  • Navitia.io - REST API for journey planning, stop schedules, isochrones and lot more on US and EU. Navitia is the opensource engine behind the live API.
  • CityBikes - REST API for aggregated bikeshare data from around the world. Powered by pyBikes.
  • HAFAS – Propriety public transport management software by HaCon (list of endpoints)
  • Citymapper API - REST API for transit journey planning, realtime transit data and walk, cycle, scooter travel times.
  • TripGo API - REST API for multi-modal journey planning and real-time data by SkedGo.

Crowdsourced transit data

  • Citylines.co - A collaborative platform for mapping transit systems, with an emphasis on their historical evolution. The data can be downloaded as GeoJSON or CSV from citylines.co/data.
  • OpenStreetMap (OSM) - The collaborative platform for mapping the world, including transport, transit, and routing data.
  • GTFS-Hub - Community tested, probably quality/content enhanced, partially merged or filtered GTFS-feeds of (currently German) transport agencies. Maintained by MITFAHR|DE|ZENTRALE.

Sample GTFS and GTFS Realtime datasets used for software testing

Using Data

Consumer Apps

Apps people use when taking transit.

Web Apps (open source)

  • Catenary Maps - Realtime and Schedule global public transport map and navigation software, written in Rust and Svelte.
  • Instabus - Realtime map of Austin's (CapMetro) public transit. Has no server/backend dependency at all and runs completely on GitHub pages.
  • OpenTripPlanner Client GWT - A Google Web Toolkit-based web interface for OpenTripPlanner
  • OpenTripPlanner.js - A Javascript-based client for OpenTripPlanner (no longer under development)
  • [OTP-UI React Component Library](https://github.com/opentripplanner/otp-ui) - React Javascript component library, which can be used to build trip planner webapps. See the Storybook for a demo.
  • GTFS-realtime Alerts Producer Web Application - A Java-based web application for producing GTFS-realtime Service Alerts.
  • HRT BUS Web app - HRT Bus API publishes real time bus data from Hampton Roads Transit through an application programming interface for developers to make apps from it.
  • Transit-Map - Web app that animates vehicles (markers) on a map using the public transport timetables to interpolate their positions along the routes (polylines).
  • Transitive.js - Creates a customizable web map layer of transit routes using Leaflet or D3.
  • Google I/O Transport Tracker - Shows shuttle arrival times for Google I/O conference, based on the open-source transport-tracker project. Note: To implement this yourself, you need a Google Maps APIs Premium Plan license.
  • 1-Click - A virtual “trip aggregator” that assembles information on a wide variety of available modes: public transit, private, rail, rideshare, carpool, volunteer, paratransit, and walking and biking.
  • Bustime - Public transport real-time monitoring with WebSocket updates. Open-source on GitHub.
  • Transit Tracker - Realtime vehicle position for Greater Montreal & Toronto, Canada
  • GTFS Builder - A free web-based application to help you create GTFS files. Maintained by the National Rural Transit Assistance Program (RTAP).
  • Dede - An independent and universal passenger information system (PIS) mapping realtime movement. A message feed with Vehicle Position entities in the GTFS-Realtime format or the Dede app can be used as data source.
  • MBTA tile-server - Scripts to create a Docker container that encapsulates all the elements necessary to develop map tiles for use on MBTA.com
  • Cadê Meu Busão - Realtime tracking transit buses from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Open-source on GitHub.
  • Tiramisu Transit - An adaptive mobile transit app that shows real-time bus arrival information developed and deployed by Carnegie Mellon University. No longer maintained.
  • OsmAnd - OsmAnd is a GPS Navigation and map application that runs on many Android and iOS smartphones and tablets, featuring optional offline maps and turn by...

Web Apps (closed source)

  • TransitScreen - Custom realtime displays of all local transportation choices
  • Citylines.co - A collaborative platform for mapping transit systems, with an emphasis on their historical evolution.
  • Bikeshare Map - Status of all worldwide bikeshare stations
  • Bongo - Real-time Transit Tracking for Iowa City, Coralville and the University of Iowa. Combines three disparate transit systems into one UI.
  • CityMapper Webapp - Really polished webapp with trip planner and route status for over 30 of cities.
  • TransSee - Real-time transit predictions based on actual travel times, vehicle locations, schedules and maps. Premium gives you access to a detailed history of schedules, vehicle locations, stop arrivals, schedule adherance, charts and graphs. For an additional fee custom queries can be run on this data.
  • YourStop - Mobile friendly web app which consumes GTFS feeds and displays both live and scheduled trips for stops. Launched with MBTA, YRT/Viva and Maryland MTA.
  • DC MetroHero - Realtime vehicle position and arrivals and departure information for the Washington, D.C. region's WMATA Metrorail and Metrobus systems. WebApp, Android, and iOS apps avaliable.

Native Apps (open source)

Native Apps (closed source)

Hardware

Experimental and production transit hardware.

SDKs

  • TripKit - TripKit is a Swift-library to get data from public transport providers.
  • KPublicTransport - A C++ library for accessing realtime public transport data and for performing public transport journey queries.
  • SkedGo's TripKit SDKs - Open source SDKs for Android, iOS and React for accessing SkedGo's TripGo API, including trip planning UI components.

Visualizations

GTFS Based Visualizations

truncated — full list on GitHub

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