Kant Morality follows from rationality—rules are “mind dependent”. Categorical Imperative universal law formulation: “what if everyone did the same thing” humanity as an end in itself: “always treat humanity as an end it itself, and never merely a means” king Lying vs. Reticence Lying: saying \neg p when you think p is true, in order to get your victim to believe \neg p Reticence: not saying p when p is relavent You are disabling the capacity for someone to make a choice for themselves. Duty and Description What’s bad about deception? What’s good about friendship? From consequentiality,